UROLOGICAL SURVEY   ( Download pdf )

 

NEUROUROLOGY & FEMALE UROLOGY

Voiding Dysfunction Following Removal of Eroded Synthetic Mid Urethral Slings
Starkman JS, Wolter C, Gomelsky A, Scarpero HM, Dmochowski RR
Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
J Urol. 2006; 176: 1040-4

  • Purpose: Voiding dysfunction following genitourinary erosion of synthetic mid urethral slings is not clearly reported. We investigated the incidence of voiding dysfunction in patients following sling excision due to vaginal, urethral or intravesical mesh erosion.
  • Materials and Methods: Retrospective review identified 19 patients with genitourinary erosion of polypropylene mesh slings. Comprehensive urological evaluation was performed in all patients, and perioperative and postoperative data were analyzed. Voiding dysfunction was defined as refractory storage symptoms, emptying symptoms and pelvic pain. All subsequent medical and surgical interventions were recorded.
  • Results: In 19 patients a total of 11 vaginal, 7 intravesical and 5 urethral erosions occurred. Mean patient age was 52 years (range 32 to 69) and average followup was 8.4 months (range 3 to 34). Average time from symptom onset to sling removal was 10.1 months (range 1.5 to 38). Of the 19 patients 14 (74%) presented with multiple symptoms. Symptoms varied, including refractory pain, recurrent infections and bladder storage/emptying dysfunction. Urodynamic studies were abnormal preoperatively and postoperatively in 9 of 13 (69%) and 4 of 6 patients (67%), respectively. Following surgery lower urinary tract symptoms resolved completely in only 4 of the 19 patients (21%). Stress incontinence recurred in 8 of the 19 patients (42%). Five patients underwent simultaneous pubovaginal sling, of whom none had recurrent stress urinary incontinence. Only 9 patients (47%) considered themselves dry with no pads following surgery. Four patients required further surgery for refractory voiding symptoms.
  • Conclusions: Voiding dysfunction is not an uncommon finding after sling excision in the setting of genitourinary erosion. It may cause additional patient morbidity.

  • Editorial Comment
    The authors give a sobering report on their experience with voiding dysfunction after erosion of synthetic mid-urethral slings. Their study included vaginal, vesical, and urethral erosions. The patient population was relatively young (average age 52) with average follow-up after intervention being less than 1 year. This report of persistent voiding dysfunction following removal of the eroded material as well as the high rate of incontinence after reparative surgery can be deflating to a treating physician. The incidence of recurrent incontinence is somewhat higher than that reported for transobturator suburethral tape erosion and subsequent explantation (1). The authors point out that in their experience, preoperative urodynamics prior to the removal of the erosion may be of marked value. In addition, it is noted that the presentations of tape erosion may be quite variable necessitating a high index of suspicion and a careful evaluation for appropriate diagnosis. One may heed the authors’ advice that aggressive mesh removal for vaginal extrusion is not needed in all situations and that surgical judgment should be exercised. They also do debate the need for synchronous placement of pubovaginal sling at the time of mesh removal to prevent recurrent stress urinary incontinence.

Reference
1. Domingo S, Alama P, Ruiz N, Perales A, Pellicer A: Diagnosis, management and prognosis of vaginal erosion after transobturator suburethral tape procedure using a nonwoven thermally bonded polypropylene mesh. J Urol. 2005; 173: 1627-30.

Dr. Steven P. Petrou
Associate Professor of Urology
Chief of Surgery, St. Luke’s Hospital
Associate Dean, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education
Jacksonville, Florida, USA