Benign prostatic hyperplasia

alfuzosin in, 25
alpha-blocker in, 25
flowmetry, 25, 418
quality of life, 25, 418
medical therapy, 25
pharmacotherapy, 25
phytotherapy, 418
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), 413
prostatic specific antigen (PSA), 413
Pygeum africanun in, 418
stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) in, 418
symptom score, 25, 418
treatment, 25
urinary flow rate, 25, 418
urodynamic evaluation, 418

Bladder

and botulinum toxin, 545
antibiotics, 50
augmentation with collagen membrane, 464
augmentation with rectus abdominis, 560
bacteriuria, 50
BCG vaccine in cancer, 426
bladder neoplasms, 317, 426, 522
bladder neoplasms and CT-virtual endoscopy, 317
calculus, 43
capacity in rabbits, 464
capsaicin in, 154
carcinoma and diagnostic imaging, 317
cistometry in rabbits, 464
clean intermittent catheterization, 50
continence and Mitrofanoff conduit, 47
cystectomy at a teaching hospital, 522
cystectomy complications, 522
cystitis, 154
cystocele, 140, 553
diagnostic imaging, 317
foreign body, 43
histology in rabbits, 464
histology in rats, 560
imaging, 317
immunotherapy in cancer, 426
infection, 50
interstitial cystitis, 10
intrauterine device and foreign body, 43
lidocaine vs. gentamycin in urethral catheter, 50
Mitrofanoff conduit, 47
morbidity of cystectomy, 522
neoplasms imaging, 317
pain, 10
plug and Mitrofanoff conduit, 47
postoperative complications of cystectomy, 522
prostheses and implants, 464
rabbit bladder, 464
rat bladder, 154, 560
reconstruction with rectus abdominis, 560
superficial cancer, 426
treatment of cancer with BCG, 426
urinary diversion, 47, 522
urinary tract infection, 50
urodynamics in rabbits, 464
urodynamics in rats, 560
virtual cystoscopy, 317
voiding dysfunction, 10, 452

Children

anesthesia for ESWL, 539
bladder capacity, 232
complications of ESWL, 539
DMSA renal scanning, 250
enuresis, 232
laparoscopic nephrectomy, 346
lithiasis, 539
nocturnal polyuria, 232
renal scarring, 250
renal ultrasound, 250
shock wave lithotripsy in, 539
urination disorders, 232
urolithiasis, 539
vesicoureteral reflux, 250

Endourology and Laparoscopy

Acucise catheter, 302
bowel perforation, 533
cecum perforation, 132
complications, 132
endopyelotomy, 302
hemostatic techniques in laparoscopic nephrectomy, 504
intestinal perforation, 533
intraoperative complications, 533
laparoscopy in incontinence, 403
laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy, 394
laparoscopic nephrectomy, 504
laparoscopic nephrectomy in children, 346
laparoscopic pyeloplasty, 439
lithotripsy, 291
nephrectomy, 394
nephrolithotomy, 132, 533
partial laparoscopic nephrectomy, 504
percutaneous surgery, 132, 533
seminal vesicle removal by laparoscopy, 335
shock wave lithotripsy, 291
shock wave lithotripsy in children, 539
ureteropelvic junction stenosis, 302, 439

Erectile dysfunction and Ejaculation

antidepressant drugs, 116
fluoxetine, 116
ilio-inguinal nerve graft for impotence, 446
nerve transfer for erectile dysfunction, 446
premature ejaculation, 116
sexual dysfunction, 116
sexual rehabilitation after prostatectomy, 446
treatment of premature ejaculation, 116

Fistulas

rectourethral, 338
surgical technique, 338

Imaging

bladder, 317
calculi, 516
computed tomography, 317
CT-virtual endoscopy, 317
cystocele, 553
cystoscopy, 317
DMSA renal scanning, 250
in pelvic floor disorders, 553
kidney biometry, 510
lithiasis, 516
magnetic resonance imaging, 553
obstruction, 516
rectocele, 553
ureter, 317, 516
urography, 510
uterine prolapse, 553
vesico-ureteral reflux, 250
virtual ureteroscopy
renal ultrasound, 510
renal ultrasound in children, 250
ureter, 516
urinary tract, 317

Impotence: see Erectile dysfunction

Incontinence

age, 259
and cystocele, 140, 553
anterior vaginal wall sling, 349
Bologna procedure, 140
diagnosis, 259
effectiveness of pubovaginal sling, 349
female incontinence, 140, 259
intrinsic sphincteric insufficiency, 349
laparoscopic Burch colposuspension, 403
laparoscopy in, 403
magnetic resonance imaging, 553
medical history, 259
minimally invasive procedures, 403
prolapse, 553
prostheses and implants, 403
pubovaginal sling, 349, 403
reconstructive surgical procedures, 140
rectocele and, 553
sling, 349
stress incontinence, 140, 259, 349, 403, 458
surgical treatment of SUI, 140, 349, 403
tension free vaginal tape for, 458
urethral bulking agents for, 403
urodynamics, 259

Interstitial Cystitis

classification, 10
diagnosis, 10
electrical stimulation in, 10
quality of life, 10
surgical treatment, 10

Kidney

acute flank pain, 516
and hypertensive rats, 356
angiography, 40
area, 510
bicarbonate excretion in rats, 265
chronic renal failure and prostate cancer, 330
dimensions, 510
Doppler and thrombosis, 40
drug therapy and hypertension, 356
fetus, 147
foreign body, 537
function in undernourished rats, 265
gentamicin nephrotoxicity, 265
glomerulus, 356
hemodynamic in rats, 265
hypertension and glomerulus, 356
imaging, 40
in utero ultrasonography, 147
laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy, 394
laparoscopic nephrectomy in children, 346
laparoscopic nephroureterectomy, 109, 335
laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, 184
laparoscopic pyeloplasty, 439
length, 510
malnutrition and nephrotoxicity, 265
mean glomerular volume in hypertensive rats, 356
metastasis from lung carcinoma, 130
morphometry, 510
normal kidney dimensions, 510
postoperative complications, 537
potassium excretion in rats, 265
prenatal hydronephrosis, 147
rats, 265, 356
renal biometry, 510
renal function in rats, 265
renal artery embolism, 40
renal remnant and ectopic ureter, 335
sodium excretion in rats, 265
spironolactone, 356
stereology of the glomerulus, 356
textiloma after nephrectomy, 537
transitional cell carcinoma, 109
transplantation, 93
thrombosis, 40
urinoma and lung cancer, 130
virtual pyeloureteroscopy, 317
width, 510

Kidney calculi

caliceal diverticula and, 291
CT in ureteral calculi, 516
horseshoe kidney and, 295
imaging, 516
in children, 539
lithotripsy, 3, 539
lower pole, 3, 291
obstruction imaging, 516
open surgery, 87
patient-related factors and treatment, 291
renal anatomy, and, 3, 291
renal biopsy, 192
renal ectopia and, 291
residual stones, 3
retroperitoneoscopic renal biopsy, 192
shock wave lithotripsy, 291, 539
shock wave monotherapy, 291, 539
staghorn calculi, 87
stone burden and treatment, 291
stone composition and treatment, 291
treatment in children, 539
ureteropelvic junction obstruction and, 291

Kidney cancer: see Renal cell carcinoma

Kidney transplantation: see Renal transplantation

Lithiasis

CT unenhanced in ureter, 516
diagnosis, 516
fragments retention, 3
imaging, 516
in caliceal diverticula, 87
in children, 539
in ectopic kidney, 87
lithotripsy, 3, 539
lower pole, 3
kidney, 3, 87, 539
minimally invasive treatment, 3, 539
open stone surgery, 87
percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, 87
refractory to SWL,
renal anatomy, and, 3
shock wave lithotripsy, 3, 539
spontaneous passage, 516
staghorn calculi, 87
stone burden, 3
stone location and treatment, 3
surgery, 87
treatment, 87, 516, 539
treatment outcome, 3
ureteral, diagnosis, 516
ureteral, management, 516
urinary obstruction, 516

Pelvis

enterocele, 553
interstitial cystitis, 10
magnetic resonance imaging, 553
pain, treatment, 10
pelvic floor disorders, 553
prolapse, 553
rectocele, 553
uterine prolapse, 553

Penis

carcinoma, 33, 123, 221
epidermoid carcinoma, 33, 123, 221
human papillomavirus - HPV, 221
inguinal node metastasis, 123, 221
intraoperative gamma probe in cancer, 123
lymphadenectomy and carcinoma, 123
lymphangioma, 138
polymerase chain reaction in, 221
penile carcinoma, 33, 123, 221
penile neoplasms, 33, 123, 138, 221
prepuce, cavernous lymphangioma, 138
prevalence of HPV in, 221
prognosis in carcinoma and p53, 33
prognosis in carcinoma and HPV, 221
protein p53 and carcinoma, 33
radionuclide imaging in carcinoma, 123
sentinel node in carcinoma, 123
survival curve in carcinoma and p53, 33
tumors, 33, 123

Prostate

high-grade PIN, 413
prevalence of high-grade PIN, 413
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PIN, 413
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), 413
PSA vs. high-grade PIN, 413

Prostate cancer

age and, 207, 214
and hemodialysis, 330
and non-symptomatic men, 197
and renal transplantation, 330
antimicrobial therapy in biopsy, 526
diagnosis, 197, 207, 214, 323, 526
digital rectal examination, 214
conventional vs. biopsy with anesthesia, 323
education level and, 214
epidemiology, 214
extension, 197
free to total PSA ratio, 214
frequency of incidental, 197
high-grade PIN and PSA, 413
Gleason score, 197, 207
grading and terminology, 197
histologic grading, 197
ilio-inguinal nerve graft, 446
in autopsies, 197
in kidney transplant patients, 330
local anesthesia in biopsy, 323
long term antibiotics in biopsy, 526
mean age, 197, 214
needle biopsy, 207, 323, 526
nerve transfer and prostatectomy, 446
origin, 197
pain and needle biopsy, 323
penile erection after prostatectomy, 446
perineural invasion, 207
peripheral and transitional zone, 197
periprostatic anesthesia, 323
prevalence and race, 214
prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), 207, 413
prostatic-specific antigen (PSA), 207, 214, 413
racial differences, 214
radical prostatectomy, 446
repeated biopsy, 207
screening for, 207, 214, 323, 526
sextant biopsy, 207, 526
sexual rehabilitation after prostatectomy, 446
short term antibiotics in biopsy, 526
staging, 197
transitional zone, 197
transrectal ultrasound, 207, 214
twelve core biopsy, 207
ultrasound guided biopsy, 207, 214, 323, 526
ultrasound biopsy and pain tolerance, 323

Renal cell carcinoma

cable tie tourniquet in surgery for, 184
conservative surgery, 20
diagnosis, 102
disease-free survival curves, 20
endosnare in laparoscopic surgery for, 184
hand-assisted laparoscopy in, 184
hydro-jet technique in surgery of, 184
incidental tumors, 102
pathologic prognostic factors, 20
laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, 184
microscopic vascular invasion, 20
microwave coagulator in laparoscopy for, 184
minimally invasive surgery, 184
morphologic features of incidental, 102
nephron-sparing surgery, 102
nephron-sparing surgery and local recurrence, 20
patient status and pathologic findings, 20
partial nephrectomy indications in, 184
prognosis, 20
radical nephrectomy, 20
radiofrequency coagulation in partial nephrectomy, 184
surgical laparoscopic techniques, 184
survival after conservative surgery, 20, 184
survival curves in, 20
outcome of incidental tumors, 102
ultrasonic shears in laparoscopic surgery, 184

Renal transplantation

acute tubular necrosis, 93
and prostate cancer, 330
graft survival, 93
kidney failure, 93
laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy, 394
perioperative care, 394
screening for prostate cancer, 330
traditional vs. laparoscopic nephrectomy, 394

Retroperitoneum

giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma, 227
sarcoma, 227
tumor, 227

Surgical Technique

anterior vaginal wall sling, 349
dismembered laparoscopic pyeloplasty, 439
laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy, 394
laparoscopic nephrectomy in children, 346
recto-urethral fistulas, 338
tension-free vaginal tape, 458

Testis and Scrotum

cryptorchidism and protein p53, 57
cryptorchidism and tumor, 437
experimental cryptorchidism, 57
histological changes in cryptorchidism, 57
hydrocele rupture, 45
hydronephrosis and seminoma, 437
laparoscopic orchiectomy, experimental, 143
malignant mesothelioma, 135
neoplasms, 57, 437
orchiectomy, rat model, 143
p53 expression in cryptorchidism, 57
rats, 57
seminoma, 437
testicular neoplasms, 57, 135, 437
tumors, 437
tunica vaginalis tumor, 135

Ureter

abnormalities, 230
calculi, 516
calculi and pregnancy, 311
distal resection, 109
duplication, 230
ectopic ureter and renal remnant, 335
imaging, 317, 516
laparoscopic resection, 109, 335
lithiasis, 311, 516
obstruction and appendicitis, 230
obstruction and pregnancy, 311
retrograde ureteroscopy, 311
seminal vesicle cyst and ectopic, 335
ureteral calculi, 311, 516
ureteral intussusception, 109
ureteral obstruction, 301, 311, 439, 516
ureteral stricture, 302
ureterectomy, 109
ureteroscopy, 311
virtual ureteroscopy, 317

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction

Acucise catheter. 302
dismembered laparoscopic pyeloplasty, 439
endopyelotomy, 302
laparoscopic pyeloplasty, 439
placement of stent in pyeloplasty, 439
pyelocaliceal dilation, 302
surgical treatment, 302, 439
virtual pyeloureteroscopy, 317

Urethra

botulinum toxin for dysfunction, 545
catheter lubrification, 50
clean catheterization, 50
congenital and acquired fistulas, 338
hypermobility, 353
intrinsic sphincteric insufficiency, 349
rectourethral fistulas, 338
surgery, 338
urethral bulking agents, 403
urethral incontinence, 403

Voiding dysfunction, see also incontinence

bladder capacity, 234
bladder hyperreflexy, 452
botulinum toxin for, 545
detrusor hyperreflexia and botulinum toxin, 545
electrical stimulation in, 10
enuresis in children, 232
HTLV-1 infection and, 452
intrinsic sphincteric insufficiency, 349
myelopathy, 452
neurogenic bladder and botulinum toxin, 545
retroviroses and, 452
sling for incontinence, 254
spinal cord diseases and, 452
spinal cord diseases and botulinum toxin, 452
stress urinary incontinence and, 254
therapy, 10
treatment of nocturnal enuresis, 234
tropical spastic paraparesis and, 452
urinary incontinence, 232, 254, 259
urinary sphincter and botulinum toxin, 545
urination disorders, 10, 232
urination disorders and botulinum toxin, 545
urodynamics, 452